Database of Arabic Loanwords from Amharic and Syriac
Overview
Amharic and Syriac belong to the Semitic language family—a linguistic taxonomy historically derived from the biblical figure Shem, whose root cognates across individual languages (such as the Syriac šmayyā) carry deep etymological associations with the heavens. Within the context of historical contact and structural transfer, both languages acted as significant donor strata to Arabic. While Syriac and early Ethiopic variants heavily informed the syntactic architecture and orthographic development of Arabic, the broader Ethiopic linguistic group conversely introduced distinct features encompassing phonetics, lexical items, and morphological innovations, including the nonconcatenative derivation system. The primary objective behind the compilation of this database is to delineate these distinct linguistic pathways, establishing a clear analytical boundary between the precise structural contributions of each respective donor language.
Related Datasets & Solutions
- Arabic Words of Ethiopic Origin (Amharic)
- Arabic Words of Ethiopic Origin (Tigrinya)
- Arabic Words of Ethiopic Origin (Tigre)
- Arabic Words of Ethiopic Origin (Geez)
- Arabic Words of Asian Origin (Persian)
- Arabic Words of Asian Origin (Urdu)
- Arabic Words of Asian Origin (Hindi)
- Arabic Words of Asian Origin (Syriac)
- Arabic Words of Asian Origin (Hebrew)
- Sudanese Arabic and Ethiopic common words
- Amharic and Syriac common words
- Syriac Arabic Common Words
- Arabic Loanwords from Amharic and Syriac
- West-African Words in Sudanese Arabic
- Homophonic Synonyms in Arabic
Technical Specifications
Sample downloads:
- TXT: text format full database Database of Arabic Loanwords from Amharic and Syriac
- XML: XML format version Database of Arabic Loanwords from Amharic and Syriac
- Other: related samples samples page
- Github: also available as github repository
Reference: DBAMSYAR
Entries: 5,000+
Last updated: 2 Feb 2023
Field Definitions
Amharic: Amharic entry
IPA Amharic: Amharic entry phonetic transcription
IPA Arabic: Arabic entry phonetic transcription
Amharic Arabic: Amharic loan word
Syriac Arabic: Syriac loan word
IPA Syriac: Syriac entry phonetic transcription
Syriac: Syriac entry
Class: Grammatical class Class
Domain: Semantic domain
Meaning: Arabic semantic adaptation of the entry
License and copyright
© Kalmasoft all rights reserved, this database is liscenced under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International license.
Sample
| ID | Amharic | IPA Amharic | IPA Arabic | Amharic Arabic | Syriac Arabic | IPA Arabic | IPA Syriac | Syriac | Class | Domain | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ነፍስ | /nɛfɨs/ | /nafs/ | نَفْس | نَسْمَة | /nasma/ | /nʃamta/ | ܢܫܲܡܬܵܐ | N | soul | |
| 2 | ባሕር | /bahɨr/ | /baħr/ | بَحْر | يَم | /jam/ | /jama/ | ܝܲܡܵܐ | N | sea | |
| 3 | ገነት | /gɛnɛt/ | /dʒanːa/ | جَنَّة | بُسْتَان | /bustaːn/ | /bɪstana/ | ܒܸܣܬܵܢܵܐ | N | garden | |
| 4 | ጥርስ | /tˤɨrɨs/ | /dˤirs/ | ضِرْس | سِن | /sin/ | /ʃɪna/ | ܫܸܢܵܐ | N | tooth | |
| 5 | ሰው | /sawiː/ | /sawiː/ | سَوِي | نَاس | /naːs/ | /naʃa/ | ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ | N | ANIM | human |
| 8 | ቅጠል | /kʼɨtˤɛl/ | /ʔaχdˤar/ | أخْضَر | جُون | /dʒuːn/ | /gawna/ | ܓܵܘܢܵܐ | N | green | |
| 9 | ሰማያዊ | /sɛmaːjawi/ | /samaːwiː/ | سَمَاوِي | أزْرَق | /ʔazraq/ | /zarqa/ | ܙܰܪܩܐ | N | blue | |
| 12 | ንጹሕ | /naːsˤiʕ/ | /naːsˤiʕ/ | نَاصِع | حَوْر | /ħawr/ | /ħawɑra/ | ܚܶܘܳܪܐ | N | white | |
| 14 | መረቅ | /mɛrɛkʼ/ | /maraq/ | مَرَق | شُورْبة | /ʃuːrba/ | /ʃwrva/ | ܫܘܼܪܒ݂ܵܐ | N | soup | |
| 15 | ብናማ | /bɨnamaː/ | /bunːiː/ | بُنِّي | سَخَم | /saχam/ | /ʃɑħmɑ/ | ܫܳܚܡܳܐ | N | brown | |
| 16 | ውስጥ | /wɨsɨtˤ/ | /wasatˤ/ | وَسَط | جُوَّة | /dʒuːwa/ | /gaw/ | ܓܵܘ | N | inner | |
| 17 | ፎጣ | /fotˤa/ | /fuːtˤa/ | فُوطَة | مَخْمَل | /maχmal/ | /maħmɑlɑ/ | ܡܰܚܡܳܠܳܐ | N | DMST | towel |
| 18 | ምሽት | /mɨʃɨt/ | /masaːʔ/ | مَسَاء | لَيْلَة | /lajla/ | /lajle/ | ܠܲܝܠܹܐ | N | night | |
| 21 | አመት | /ʔɛmɛt/ | /ʕaːm/ | عَام | سَنَة | /sana/ | /ʃɪne/ | ܫܶ̈ܢܶܐ | N | DATE | year |
| 22 | ግብፅ | /gɨbɨtsˤ/ | /qibtˤ/ | قِبْط | مِصْر | /misˤr/ | /masˤrjn/ | ܡܶܨܪܝܢ | N | NAME | Egypt |
| 23 | ወረቀት | /wɛrɛkʼɛt/ | /waraqa/ | وَرَقة | سَطْر | /satˤr/ | /ʃtˤra/ | ܫܛܪܐ | N | document | |
| 24 | ሰብ | /sɛb/ | /ʃaʕb/ | شَعْب | أُمَّة | /ʔaumːa/ | /ʔumta/ | ܐܘܡܬܐ | N | nation | |
| 25 | ሐብሐብ | /hɛbɨhɛb/ | /ħabħab/ | حَبْحَب | بَطِّيخ | /batˤːiːχ/ | /fatˤjħa/ | ܦܛܝܚܐ | N | PLNT | watermelon |
| 26 | ሐዲድ | /hɛdid/ | /ħadiːd/ | حَدِيد | فُولاذ | /fuːlaːð/ | /folɑd/ | ܦܽܘܠܳܕ | N | steel | |
| 27 | ማሕፀን | /maːhɨtsˤɛn/ | /maħsan/ | مَحْسَن | رِحْم | /rɪħm/ | /rɪħm/ | ܪܚܡ | N | ANAT | womb |
| 28 | ይለፍ | /jɨlɛf/ | /iːlaːf/ | إيلَاف | عُبُور | /ʕubuːr/ | /ʕbura/ | ܥܒܘܪܐ | N | passage | |
| 29 | ሰካራም | /sɛkaraːm/ | /sakraːn/ | سَكْرَان | رَوِي | /rawiː/ | /ruja/ | ܪܘܝܐ | A | intoxicated | |
| 30 | ሆድ | /hod/ | /ħawdˤ/ | حَوْض | مَعِي | /maʕiː/ | /mʕja/ | ܡܥܝܐ | N | ANAT | abdomen |
| 33 | ያዘ | /jazɛ/ | /ħaːza/ | حَازَ | أخَذَ | /ʔχaða/ | /ʔħd/ | ܐܚܕ | V | take | |
| 34 | በረዶ | /bɛrɛdo/ | /barad/ | بَرَد | جَلِيد | /dʒaliːd/ | /galiːda/ | ܓܠܝܕܐ | N | DMST | ice |
| 35 | ወንበር | /wɛnɨbɛr/ | /minbar/ | مِنْبَر | كُرْسِيّ | /kursiː/ | /kursija/ | ܟܘܪܣܝܐ | N | DMST | chair |
| 36 | ብርቱካን | /bɨrɨtukan/ | /burtuqaːl/ | بُرْتُقال | نَارِينْج | /naːriːndʒ/ | /narɪndʒ/ | ܢܵܪܸܢܓ̰ | N | PLNT | orange |
| 37 | ቀይሮ | /kʼɛjɨro/ | /ɣajr/ | غَيْر | خِلاف | /χilaːf/ | /ħulfa/ | ܚܘܠܦܐ | N | change | |
| 38 | ባቄላ | /bakʼelaː/ | /baqlaːʔ/ | بَقْلاء | حُمُّص | /ħumːusˤ/ | /ħabsˤa/ | ܚܒܨܐ | N | PLNT | bean |
| 39 | እቶን | /ʔɨton/ | /ʔtuːn/ | أتُون | تَنُّور | /tanːuːr/ | /tanura/ | ܬܢܘܪܐ | N | DMST | oven |
| 40 | አፍንጫ | /ʔɛfɨnɨtʃa/ | /ʔnf/ | أنْف | نَخْرَة | /naχra/ | /naħjra/ | ܢܚܝܪܐ | N | ANAT | nose |
| 41 | ድርሰት | /dɨrɨsɛt/ | /dars/ | دَرْس | كِتابَة | /kitaːba/ | /k(ə)θɑvɑθɑ/ | ܟܬܒܬܐ | N | writing | |
| 42 | ጸሓፊ | /sʼɛhaːf/ | /sˤaħːaːf/ | صَحَّاف | كَاتِب | /kaːtib/ | /kɑθovɑ/ | ܟܬܘܒܐ | N | writer | |
| 43 | ሱፍ | /suf/ | /sˤuːf/ | صُوف | قَز | /qaz/ | /ɡɛzː(ə)θɑ/ | ܓܙܬܐ | N | DMST | wool |
| 44 | ሸራ | /ʃɛraː/ | /ʃiraːʕ/ | شِرَاع | قِلاع | /qilaːʕ/ | /qɛlʕɑ(ʔ)/ | ܩܠܥܐ | N | DMST | sail |
| 45 | ሳሕን | /sahɨn/ | /sˤaħn/ | صَحْن | كَفَّة | /kafːa/ | /kapːe/ | ܟܦܐ | N | DMST | dish |
| 46 | አርጅ | /ʔɛrɨdʒ/ | /ʕaːriq/ | عَرِيق | عَتِيق | /ʕatiːq/ | /ʕatːiquθɑ/ | ܥܬܝܩܘܬܐ | A | old age | |
| 47 | ማዕድ | /maːʕɨd/ | /maːʔida/ | مَائِدَة | مَأكَلة | /maʔkala/ | /me(ʔ)xle(ʔ)/ | ܡܐܟܠܐ | N | meal | |
| 48 | ቀለም | /kʼɛlɛm/ | /qalam/ | قَلَم | حِبْر | /ħibr/ | /ħɛvrɑ/ | ܚܒܪܐ | N | DMST | ink |